The most beautiful woman who ever lived in Egypt, Queen Cleopatra, was known for using natural products to maintain her youthfulness. It’s said one of her beauty secrets was rosemary. The rosemary plant (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a green shrub with needle-like leaves and a woody fragrance. While it is primarily recognized as a culinary herb, rosemary also comprises one of the most widely utilized medicinal plants globally. The essential oil derived from rosemary, since a

Renowned for their strong flavor, medicinal properties (eugenol), and high value, they drove global trade, colonialism, and conflict, with the Dutch and Portuguese fighting for a monopoly in the 16th-17th centuries. The barbaric character of the Dutch is first witnessed during the scramble for precious cloves. To maintain high prices, the Dutch destroyed trees on islands they did not control, allowing production only on Ambon and Uliassers. By the early 1800s, the French succ