UFS study finds hormone‑disrupting chemicals in sanitary pads

Sanitary pads

UNIVERSITY OF FREE STATE — A new peer‑reviewed study by researchers at the University of the Free State (UFS) has detected endocrine‑disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in every sanitary pad and panty liner sampled, raising concerns about long‑term exposure from everyday menstrual products. The research tested 16 pad brands and seven panty‑liner brands for 20 EDCs, including phthalates, parabens, and bisphenols.

The team, led by PhD candidate Janine Blignaut with senior input from Prof Deon Visser, used chromatographic analysis to quantify chemical residues and model potential exposure from routine use. The study found at least two EDCs in every product tested; phthalates appeared in all panty liners and about half the pads, bisphenols were present in all pads and most liners, and parabens were widespread. “Our study highlights a concerning reality regarding the safety of menstrual products,” Prof Visser said.

EDCs, often termed xenoestrogens, can mimic or interfere with hormonal signalling. Scientific literature links excess estrogenic activity to breast cancer risk, fertility problems, early puberty, ovulation disorders, and thyroid disruption. Given that pads and liners contact sensitive skin and mucosa repeatedly over decades, the potential for cumulative exposure is a public‑health concern, the authors warn.

Zimbabwe imports an estimated 86–89% of its sanitary products from South Africa, making the findings directly relevant to local consumers. Reliance on imported pads valued at about US$37.4 million in 2022 means many Zimbabwean women may be exposed to the same chemical profiles identified in the UFS study. Public‑health advocates say this underscores the need for national regulatory review and consumer guidance.

The researchers call for greater transparency in product labelling, regulatory testing standards for menstrual products, and expanded biomonitoring to assess body burdens of EDCs. Health experts recommend practical steps for consumers: favour certified or organic alternatives where available, rotate product types, and support local initiatives to develop safer menstrual options. Media coverage of the study has already prompted public debate and calls for policy action.

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